| Drug | Mechanism & site of action |
|---|
| Allopurinol | Decreases uric acid production by inhibition of xanthine oxidase |
| Amiloride | Potassium sparing diuretic. Decreases sodium permeability of distal luminal membrane and inhibits sodium / potassium exchange. |
| Amphotericin | Antifungal |
| Bumetanide | Loop diuretic (as frusemide) |
| Captopril | ACE inhibitor. Blocks the formation of angiotensin II which is a powerful vasoconstrictor, so causing arteriolar vasodilation and reducing the peripheral vascular resistance. Lowers blood pressure and reduces the cardiac workload. |
| Cefuroxime | Broad spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic |
| Diamorphine | Used as an analgesic/sedative/cough suppressant |
| Diazepam | Tranquiliser |
| Digoxin | Inhibits the Na/K ATPase and raises the cardiac intracellular sodium concentration. This interferes with calcium export, increases the cardiac calcium content, and ultimately produces more forceful contractions. |
| Dopamine | Act on receptors in heart muscle to increase contractility. |
| Fluconazole | Anti-fungal |
| Frumil | A mixture of frusimide and amiloride designed for out-patient use which achieves better control over potassium excretion. |
| Frusemide | Diuretic, acting on the loop of Henle. Reduces hypertonicity of medulla by inhibiting chloride transport. Promotes potassium losses. |
| Heparin | Anticoagulant which operates by enhancing the action of antithrombin III, which is a natural inhibitor of the clotting process. |
| Imipenem | Broad spectrum antibiotic, effective against both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria |
| Isosorbide mononitrate | Organic nitrate that is metabolised to nitric oxide. Causes peripheral vasodilation and decreases the workload of heart. |
| Metoxalone | Diuretic. Acts on distal tubule by inhibiting active transport of Na+ |
| Nystatin | Antifungal |
| Spironolactone | Inhibits action of aldosterone, casing diuresis by same mechanism as amiloride. |
| Stemetil | Antiemetic & tranquiliser |
| Temazepam | Tranquiliser |
| Ventolin | Bronchodilator |
| Vitamin K | Cofactor for the hepatic carboxylase enzyme that introduces gamma carboxyglutamate residues and is needed to produce the active clotting factors: prothrombin and factors VII, IX & X. Terminates the action of warfarin and improves blood clotting. |
| Warfarin | Slow acting anticoagulant that can be taken orally. Interferes with the reduction of Vitamin K to its active form, so preventing clotting factor production and inhibiting coagulation. |
