Medical Microbiology - EMQ practice questions

Concerning the nature of microorganisms

A) Capsid
B) Chitin
C) Eukaryote
D) Fimbria
E) Lipopolysaccharide
F) Peptidoglycan
G) Plasmid
H) Prokaryote
I) Protozoan
J) Polyphosphate

Each option is used only once or not at all

Which option describes an organism that is capable of autonomous replication but lacking a membrane-bound nucleus? (H)

Which option describes a cell that contains organelles, including mitochondria? (C)

Which option is the structural polymer found in fungal cell walls? (B)

Which option describes the structural polymer found in bacterial cell walls? (F)

Which option describes the protein coat of a virus? (A)

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Concerning pathogenesis

A) Primary pathogen
B) Toxoid
C) Toxin
D) Incubation period
E) Commensal
F) Invasive pathogen
G) Capsule
H) Pathogenicity factor
I) Pyogenic bacterium
J) Opportunistic pathogen

Each option is used only once or not at all

What describes the period when symptoms of the disease are not apparent but will develop the disease in a subsequent time period? (D)

What is a bacterium that is present in the normal flora but under the correct circumstances may cause disease? (J)

Which organism, when present, almost invariably causes disease? (A)

Which property of a bacterium enables it to cause disease? (H)

What is a low molecular weight protein that, when produced, causes damage to tissues? (C)

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Concerning the nature of microorganisms

A) Eukaryote
B) Fimbrae
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Flagella
E) Mannan
F) Mitochondria
G) Peptidoglycan
H) Pili
I) Plasmid
J) Prokaryote
K) Virus

Each option is used only once or not at all

What describes an organism with a membrane bound nucleus? (A)

What is an organism with its own protein synthesising machinery but lacking a membrane-bound nucleus? (J)

Which structure is involved in exchange of bacterial DNA during conjugation? (H)

Which structural polymer is found in the cell walls of fungi? (E)

Which structures facilitate bacterial adhesion? (B)

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Concerning the control of microorganisms

A) All disinfectants
B) Phenolic disinfectants only
C) Chlorhexidine
D) 134ºC
E) 100ºC
F) 121ºC
G) Glutaraldehyde
H) Clostridium tetani spores
I) E.coli
J) Hepatitis B virus

Each option is used only once or not at all

The number, type and location of microorganisms influences the performance of which? (A)

Steam at a pressure of 15lbs per square inch above atmopspheric pressure has a temperature of what? (F)

Disinfection of delicalte medical instruments approximating to sterilisation may be achieved with what? (G)

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Concerning toxins

A) Leader sequence
B) alpha-toxin of Staphylococcus aureus
C) A - domain
D) Ribosylation
E) AB - toxins
F) Mitogen
G) Glycosylation
H) Binding domain
I) Tetanospasmin
J) C - domain

Each option is used only once or not at all

What is an example of a pore-forming bacterial toxin? (B)

Which polypeptide toxins have two functional domains encode by a single gene? (E)

What has an enzymatic activity of a toxin, killing a host cell by altering a specific target (D)

What is a short amino acid sequence at the n-terminal end of a polypeptide exported by a bacterium? (A)

What is the toxic domain of some bacterial polypeptide toxins? (C)

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Concerning bacterial structure

A) Capsule
B) Biofilm
C) O antigen
D) Fimbriae
E) Spore
F) Porin
G) Protease
H) Peptidoglycan

Each option is used only once or not at all

What has a cell coat that resists effects of desiccation? (E)

Which cell structure is involved in motility? (D)

Which cell structure is involved in adhesion of Escherichia coli? (D)

What is the antiphagocytic cell structure in, for example, Neisseria meningitidis?(A)

What is the anti-humoral factor produced by, for example, Neisseria gonorrhoea? (G)

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Concerning viruses

A) Herpes simplex virus
B) Reverse transcriptase
C) Protease
D) Rhinovirus
E) ICAM-1 receptor
F) Cytopathic effect
G) Cell transformation
I) CD4 receptor
J) Neutralisation

Each option is used only once or not at all

Which of the above is a large enveloped DNA virus? (A)

Which of the above is a post-translational protein modification enzyme? (C)

What describes the morphological and biochemical changes seen in a cell infected with poliomyelitis virus? (F)

What is the cellular receptor for HIV attachment? (I)

What describes the reduction in virus infectivity by interaction with specific antibody? (J)

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Concerning fungi

A) Trichophyton rubrum
B) Saline
C) Tinea corporis
D) Histoplasma capsulatum
E) Trichophyton mentagrophytes
F) Tinea capitis
G) Candida tropicalis
H) Candida albicans
I) Candida glabrata
J) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH
K) Lactophenol Cotton Blue
L) Gram stain
M) Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

Each option is used only once or not at all

Which is the fungus most commonly found as a commensal of humans? (H)

Which is the commonest fungal cause of skin and nail infection? (A)

Fungi are visualised in skin or nail by examination in what? (J)

What is the commonest cause of superficial candida infections? (H)

Scalp ringworm is known as what? (F)

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Concerning antimicrobial chemotherapy

A) Acyclovir
B) Amphotericin B
C) Ampicillin
D) Bacitracin
E) Chloramphenicol
F) Isoniazid
G) Metronidazole
H) Mupirocin
I) Trimethoprim
J) Vancomycin
K) Zidovudine

Each option is used only once or not at all

Which agent is used in the treatment of anaerobic bacterial infections? (G)

Which agent is used in the treatment of tuberculosis? (F)

Which agent is used in the treatment of systemic fungal infections? (B)

Which agent is used in the treatment of herpesvirus infections? (A)

Which agent is used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus? (K)

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Concerning antimicrobial chemotherapy

A) Acyclovir
B) Azithromycin
C) Chloramphenicol
D) Ciprofloxacin
E) Erythromycin
F) Flucloxacillin
G) Flucytosine
H) Gentamicin
I) Tetracycline

Each option is used only once or not at all

Which agent acts by interfering with cell wall synthesis? (F)

Which agent acts as an anti-fungal drug? (G)

Which agent is a bactericidal drug that interferes with protein synthesis? (H)

Which agent acts on DNA gyrase? (D)

Which agent is active against herpesviruses? (A)

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Concerning bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents

A) Amphotericin B
B) Ampicillin
C) Ceftazidime
D) Chloramphenicol
E) Fosfomycin
F) Nalidixic acid
G) Netilmicin
H) Tetracycline
I) Trimethoprim
J) Vancomycin

Each option is used only once or not at all

Bacterial resistance to which agent may result from an active efflux of the drug? (H)

Bacterial resistance to which agent may result from acetylation of the drug? (D)

Bacterial resistance to which agent may result from production of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase? (C)

Bacterial resistance to which agent may result from expression of an aac(6') gene? (G)

Bacterial resistance to which agent may result from production of a penicillinase? (B)

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